Zimmer Neo-Classic
The Golden Spirits of Art Zimmer's Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., built in small numbers from 1998 to about 2012 on new Ford Mustangs and Lincoln Town Cars, mostly in Syracuse, New York. A new company with the old name, not the original firm come back; Heyman Motors held the name after 2012.
In November 1998, 10 years after the last Zimmer had left the plant in Pompano Beach, a new Golden Spirit was finished. It looked much like the old ones, with the long bonnet (hood), the running boards and the chrome, but it was built on a new Ford Mustang, by a new company that had taken the Zimmer name. Its founder, Art Zimmer, was a publisher from Syracuse, New York, and no relation of the family behind the original Golden Spirit. His company built Golden Spirits in small numbers until about 2012, and a new-looking two-door convertible still appears in videos posted in May 2013; the specification below gives each body's years, launch price and engine.source 1source 2source 3
The company in brief
| Years | Name | Where |
|---|---|---|
| 1997–2012 | Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, a New York corporation, trading as Zimmer Motor Car Co. and, from about 2010, as Zimmer Motor Cars | Syracuse, later Hamilton, New York |
| 2012–2016 | Heyman Motors, LLC, which ran the website and held the Zimmer marks until they lapsed | Closter, New Jersey |
How it began
By his company's account, Art Zimmer first saw a Zimmer in 1995, parked outside a Dodge dealership in Syracuse: a car with his own name on it. A Post-Standard article that his memoir of 2015 reprints puts the sighting in 1994. In March 1996, on a business trip to Palm Springs, California, he bought a Golden Spirit of the 1987 model year, at his wife's urging, and that September he started a club for Zimmer owners. The company followed, "reborn during the summer of 1997", in its own words.
In 1997, Mr. Art Zimmer started from scratch the Art Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company. After only a year and a half of legal work, research, development, constructing new molds and a thousand and one other things it takes to get a major new business enterprise up and running, the first brand new 1998 Zimmer Golden Spirit Motor Car rolled off the assembly line in Cambridge, MD in November 1998.
Some of that legal work is on the trademark register. On 7 July 1997 the company filed its own mark, ZIMMER GOLDEN SPIRIT, and on 28 August 1998 it petitioned the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board to cancel the old ZIMMER registration of Zimmer Corporation, the original company's parent. The notice to Zimmer Corporation came back undeliverable, the board granted the petition by default, and the old registration was cancelled on 15 December 1999. The new mark was registered on 21 August 2001. Art Zimmer did not buy the old company: Art Zimmer's page sets out what the records show.source 1source 6source 7source 8source 9
Where the cars were built
The company's own pages moved the factory more than once. In December 1998 they said the company was "working from a manufacturing facility in Pompano Beach Florida", the original company's town, and the Post-Standard article in Art Zimmer's memoir describes "a makeshift factory in Pompano Beach, Fla." From April 1999 the pages named a facility in Cambridge, Maryland, instead, and the history page of 2000 says the first car of November 1998 came from there. Both places rest on the company's word, and no source read names either builder. The first car was shown near Pittsburgh on 11 December 1998, and the company said it was sold within a day.
From about 2000–01 the cars were built in Syracuse, by Sam's Auto Body, which called itself the company's "manufacturing facility" and said Art Zimmer had chosen it "over shops in North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida and Delaware". Boston.com in 2009 described them as assembled by hand in a garage in Syracuse. So Cambridge, Maryland, was the company's stated home for its first year or two at most, not where most of its cars were made.source 7source 6source 1source 10source 11source 12
Models and bodies
The two-doors were built on new Ford Mustangs: the Golden Spirit coupé from 1998 and the convertible from 1999. In 2000 the coupé came in two shapes, the "Elegánce", with a rounded rear roof, and the "Classic", squared off like the cars of the 1980s.
The four-doors were built on new Lincoln Town Cars. The 4-Door Sedan, which the company also called a "personal limousine", was priced in 2000 and first built in 2001; it was not a stretched limousine, and had three seats in the back. The 4-Door Convertible was priced in 2001 and built from 2002, and the long 4-Door "L" was offered from 2004. A four-door of 2002 that came to Britain in 2009, Hagerty UK reported, has the Town Car's V8 and its column-shift automatic. Asked in 2009 what models might come next, Art Zimmer answered: "None. I mean, what else is there, besides those five models?"source 7source 1source 11source 13
How they were built
The method was not the original company's. Art Zimmer explained it to Boston.com in 2009.
What Zimmer developed was a system where we cut the frame right in front of the radiator, and this is a major key. When you cut the frame in front of the radiator, the only thing you've moved is the front wheels - you've moved them out - and that's what gives it the big, long, elegant Great Gatsby look.
The engine, gearbox (transmission) and drivetrain stayed as Ford or Lincoln built them, with the factory warranty, and so did most of the interior, the glass, the doors and the mirrors. Fibreglass front and rear "flanks" with chrome-plated metal trim added about 180 kg (400 lb). Most cars began as new cars bought from Ford; two or three, he said, were built on customers' own late-model Town Cars. Inside, a revival car kept its donor's modern dash and airbags, trimmed in leather, and the cars of 2000–02 came with German crystal bud vases, as the old cars had. The company quoted from two months to six for a car, depending on the year.
The two-doors' engine was the donor Mustang's V8, and by 2009, Art Zimmer said, the donor was a Mustang GT, with the Shelby GT500 offered as the base for 2010.source 11source 1source 7
List prices
The launch prices, for the coupé and convertible in 1999 and the 4-Door Sedan in 2001, are in the specification below. After that the company's price pages show:
| Year | Coupé | Convertible | 4-Door Sedan | 4-Door "L" | 4-Door Convertible |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | $86,900 (Elegánce), $96,900 (Classic) | $89,900 | $98,900 | none | none |
| 2001 | $89,900 | $95,900 | the launch price | none | $135,900 |
| 2004 | $96,000 | $102,000 | $120,000 | $134,400 | $152,400 |
| 2007 | $109,900 | $120,900 | $133,900 | $148,900 | $175,900 |
| 2011 | $124,900 | $135,900 | $149,900 | $165,900 | $194,900 |
Output
The numbers were small from the start. "Start up problems at our manufacturing facility have limited production to two Golden Spirit Coupes," the company wrote in December 1998, and for 1999 it planned "Only 2 or 3 convertibles". Art Zimmer had told the Post-Standard that at full speed the factory would make 30 to 40 cars a year, and the company's plans of 2000 to 2006 spoke of 25 to 50, then fewer. By October 2001 it said it had built several coupés, six two-door convertibles and its first four-door. In 2009 he gave his own figures.
My production is up and down from year to year. I've actually done as few as five or six cars a year. I've done as many as a dozen.
He built only to order: "We only build them on order. I have nothing in stock. I don't build a car until I have money in the bank." No total was ever published; How Many Zimmers Were Made sets out what the counts allow.source 7source 6source 1source 11
Selling, service and the club
In 2000 the company listed a handful of dealers in the United States and one abroad, in Amman, Jordan; in 2001 it named Hovey Motor Cars of San Antonio, Texas, the "#1 Zimmer Dealership in the world". Later it sold mostly direct, at list price. Service and warranty were the donor's: "Full service, parts and warranty on all mechanical parts are available at any Ford-Lincoln Mercury dealer worldwide," the company told buyers, in much the same words from 2000 to 2016.
The company also underwrote a free club for owners of every Zimmer, which it said had more than 700 members by March 2002, and from 1 September 1998 a parts depot for the 1980s cars near Roanoke, Virginia, run by volunteers; by 2011 the depot was "not part of the Zimmer Motor Car Company". In 2003 it backed a side venture, a Cobra-style restyle of the Mustang, whose pages were gone within a year.source 1source 4source 11
After Art Zimmer: Heyman Motors
On 16 October 2012 Art Zimmer, as the company's president, signed both of its Zimmer marks, with "the goodwill associated therewith", over to Heyman Motors, LLC of Closter, New Jersey. The deed conveys the marks and their goodwill; it says nothing of moulds, parts, cars or the club.
Two years ago, Art Zimmer sold the company to software developer Eran Heyman, who is offering new Mustang based Golden Spirits for $218,000.
The website under Heyman Motors named Eran Heyman as chief executive from 2013 and offered new two-doors on the Mustang GT. For 2015–16 it said that four-doors had "resumed" on the Cadillac CTS, since Lincoln had ended the Town Car in 2011, and its 2016 price list ran from $238,700 for a coupé to $397,600 for a CTS limousine. The last new Zimmer on record is the silver two-door convertible in the videos posted in May 2013; who built it, and when, is not known. No Cadillac-based Zimmer has been found. The website went quiet after March 2016, and the ZIMMER GOLDEN SPIRIT mark was cancelled on 4 March 2022.
Before and after
The revival copied the 1980s Golden Spirit in look, not in law, tooling or donor. "I continued the same style and look of the original company," Art Zimmer said in 2015, but his company started, as it said, from scratch, with a new trademark, new moulds, new builders and modern donors with airbags. Its four-doors took up the original company's four-door idea 15 years on, on another car. After it came only Heyman Motors' claims, and no successor exists. Its one dealer abroad, in Amman, is in the history's other markets section, and the reviews gather what the press made of the revived cars.source 5source 1source 11
Specification: Neo-Classic Coupé
Production
Sources for Production, Neo-Classic Coupé
- Price new
- One good source.1999 list price. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
- Built
- One good source.Two coupés built for the '1997 model year'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
- Built at
- Good sources agree.At Sam's Auto Body, from about 2000–01. Sam's Auto Body, Syracuse, New York, "Zimmer" page, captures of 3 Aug 2002 and 1 Nov 2010source 10; Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
| Price new | $79,900 |
|---|---|
| Built | 1998–2012 |
| Built at | Syracuse, New York |
Engine
Sources for Engine, Neo-Classic Coupé
- Engine maker
- One good source.The donor Mustang's engine, untouched. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Capacity
- One good source.1998 coupés. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
- Cylinder layout
- One good source.1998 coupés: 4.6-litre V8. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
- Cylinders
- One good source.1998 coupés: 4.6-litre V8. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
| Engine maker | Ford |
|---|---|
| Capacity | 4.6 L |
| Cylinder layout | V |
| Cylinders | 8 |
Body and chassis
Sources for Body and chassis, Neo-Classic Coupé
- Body
- One good source.'2-Door Coupé'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Body material
- One good source.The donor Mustang's own body, its frame cut ahead of the radiator. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Panels
- One good source.Fibreglass front and rear 'flanks'. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Doors
- One good source.'2-Door Coupé'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Body | Coupe |
|---|---|
| Body material | Steel |
| Panels | Fibreglass |
| Doors | 2 |
Dimensions and weight
Sources for Dimensions and weight, Neo-Classic Coupé
- Length
- One good source.Two-doors, 2011 price list: '19 ft 7 in'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Length | 235 in |
|---|
Specification: Neo-Classic Convertible
Production
Sources for Production, Neo-Classic Convertible
- Price new
- One good source.1999 list price. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
- Built
- One good source.'2 or 3 convertibles' planned for 1999. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999source 7
- Built at
- Good sources agree.At Sam's Auto Body, from about 2000–01. Sam's Auto Body, Syracuse, New York, "Zimmer" page, captures of 3 Aug 2002 and 1 Nov 2010source 10; Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
| Price new | $84,900 |
|---|---|
| Built | 1999–2013 |
| Built at | Syracuse, New York |
Engine
Sources for Engine, Neo-Classic Convertible
- Engine maker
- One good source.The donor Mustang's engine, untouched. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Capacity
- One good source.The company's text to 2007. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Cylinder layout
- One good source.The company's text to 2007: 4.6-litre V8. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Cylinders
- One good source.The company's text to 2007: 4.6-litre V8. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Engine maker | Ford |
|---|---|
| Capacity | 4.6 L |
| Cylinder layout | V |
| Cylinders | 8 |
Body and chassis
Sources for Body and chassis, Neo-Classic Convertible
- Body
- One good source.'2-Door Convertible'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Body material
- One good source.The donor Mustang's own body, its frame cut ahead of the radiator. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Panels
- One good source.Fibreglass front and rear 'flanks'. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Doors
- One good source.'2-Door Convertible'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Body | Convertible |
|---|---|
| Body material | Steel |
| Panels | Fibreglass |
| Doors | 2 |
Specification: Neo-Classic 4-Door
Production
Sources for Production, Neo-Classic 4-Door
- Price new
- One good source.The Sedan, 2001 list price. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Built
- One good source.The first four-door, built in 2001. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Built at
- Good sources agree.At Sam's Auto Body. Sam's Auto Body, Syracuse, New York, "Zimmer" page, captures of 3 Aug 2002 and 1 Nov 2010source 10; Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
| Price new | $106,900 |
|---|---|
| Built | 2001–2011 |
| Built at | Syracuse, New York |
Engine
Sources for Engine, Neo-Classic 4-Door
- Capacity
- Good sources agree.A 2002 car. Antony Ingram, "Express yourself, with this Zimmer Golden Spirit", Hagerty UK, 13 Mar 2023source 13; Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Cylinder layout
- Good sources agree.A 2002 car: 4.6-litre V8. Antony Ingram, "Express yourself, with this Zimmer Golden Spirit", Hagerty UK, 13 Mar 2023source 13; Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Cylinders
- Good sources agree.A 2002 car: 4.6-litre V8. Antony Ingram, "Express yourself, with this Zimmer Golden Spirit", Hagerty UK, 13 Mar 2023source 13; Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Capacity | 4.6 L |
|---|---|
| Cylinder layout | V |
| Cylinders | 8 |
Running gear
Sources for Running gear, Neo-Classic 4-Door
- Gearbox
- One good source.A 2002 car: four-speed column-shift automatic. Antony Ingram, "Express yourself, with this Zimmer Golden Spirit", Hagerty UK, 13 Mar 2023source 13
- Gears
- One good source.A 2002 car: four-speed column-shift automatic. Antony Ingram, "Express yourself, with this Zimmer Golden Spirit", Hagerty UK, 13 Mar 2023source 13
| Gearbox | Automatic |
|---|---|
| Gears | 4 |
Body and chassis
Sources for Body and chassis, Neo-Classic 4-Door
- Body
- One good source.'4-Door Sedan'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
- Body material
- One good source.The donor Town Car's own body, its frame cut ahead of the radiator. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Panels
- One good source.Fibreglass front and rear 'flanks'. Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009source 11
- Doors
- One good source.'4-Door Sedan'. Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Body | Sedan |
|---|---|
| Body material | Steel |
| Panels | Fibreglass |
| Doors | 4 |
Dimensions and weight
Sources for Dimensions and weight, Neo-Classic 4-Door
- Length
- Several figures in print.Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012source 1
| Length | 258 in Length, Neo-Classic 4-Door Several figures in print.
|
|---|
Sources
Sources are given as plain text; their addresses are on the sources page.
- Primarymade at the time, by the maker or by people who were there
- Referenceserious later work: clubs, specialists, magazines, books
- Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Co., Syracuse, New York, Zimmer Motor Car Company website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2000–2012), Wayback Machine captures, 3 Mar 2000 to 13 May 2012, history page; the names the company traded under; history page: the sighting, the 1987 car, the club and the company; history and spirit pages: Cambridge, Maryland; the new-model, sedan, four-door and price pages; the Mustang and Town Car bases; the interior; build times; price pages, 2000–2011; history page, October 2001; the plans of 2000–06; dealer, purchase, warranty, club and parts pages; history page: "from scratch"; the dealer in Amman; price lists (2001–11); 2011 price list; company pages (2000–07); potential.html (February 2001); 4door.html (December 2001); 4door.html. Primary
- United States Patent and Trademark Office (assignment recordation), Trademark assignment, reel 4882, frame 0146, executed and recorded 16 Oct 2012, the assignment of 16 October 2012; the assignor, a New York corporation, and Hamilton, New York; the deed of 16 October 2012. Primary
- YouTube, Three videos of a Zimmer Golden Spirit convertible ("Zimmer Golden Spirit"; "Zimmer Golden Spirit 2014 Convertible"), posted 20–21 May 2013, the videos posted in May 2013; the three videos. Primary
- Heyman Motors, LLC, Zimmer Motor Cars website (zimmermotorcars.com, 2013–2016), Wayback Machine captures, 17 Jan 2013 to 16 Mar 2016, Heyman Motors, LLC, Closter, New Jersey; the warranty wording, 2016; the company, the 2016 price list and the four-door page. Primary
- Christopher Malone, "'M' is for Memoir: The A-B-Cs of Art Zimmer", Syracuse New Times, 16 Sep 2015, no relation to the original Zimmers; "the same style and look". Reference
- Art Zimmer and Shirley Sherburne Zimmer and Lois Gridley, Making It Count: From A to Z, The Life and Times of Art Zimmer, Log Cabin Books, 2015, the reprinted Post-Standard article: the sighting; the reprinted Post-Standard article: the "makeshift factory"; the reprinted Post-Standard article: "30 to 40". Primary
- Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company, on nyautos.com, Zimmer Golden Spirit coupé and convertible pages on nyautos.com, Wayback Machine captures of 6 Dec 1998, 28 Jan 1999, 24 Apr 1999 and 12 Oct 1999, "reborn during the summer of 1997"; the coupé pages of December 1998 and April 1999; the coupé and convertible pages; the 1998 specification: airbags and crystal vases; the 1999 prices; the first model year and the 1999 convertibles; zimmer1.htm (April 1999); zimmer1.htm (December 1998); zimmer1.htm and zimmer2.htm (1998–99). Primary
- United States Patent and Trademark Office (Trademark Status and Document Retrieval), ZIMMER GOLDEN SPIRIT, serial 75320076 (registration 2480221): status and prosecution history, 1997, ZIMMER GOLDEN SPIRIT: filed 7 July 1997, registered 21 August 2001; cancelled 4 March 2022. Primary
- United States Patent and Trademark Office, Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTABVUE), Cancellation No. 92027992: Zimmer Neo-Classic Motor Car Company v. Zimmer Corporation (registration 1177989), 1998, the petition of 28 August 1998 and the cancellation of 15 December 1999. Primary
- Sam's Auto Body, Syracuse, New York, "Zimmer" page, captures of 3 Aug 2002 and 1 Nov 2010, "the manufacturing facility"; the shops considered; 'Zimmer' page (2002). Primary
- Clifford Atiyeh, "Q&A: Art Zimmer explains his lavish, 'neo-classic' car craft", Boston.com (Boston Overdrive blog), 18 Sep 2009, built in Syracuse; the five models; the method, the donors and the warranty; the output in 2009; the donor's warranty; the Town Cars; Q&A. Primary
- Sandra Scott, "Art Zimmer's Golden Spirit", TravelLady Magazine, Aug 2006, the debut near Pittsburgh. Primary
- Antony Ingram, "Express yourself, with this Zimmer Golden Spirit", Hagerty UK, 13 Mar 2023, the 2002 four-door on a Town Car; "until 2020"; article. Reference
- Jim Koscs, "All that Glitters is probably Fiberglass", Hagerty, 23 Oct 2014, Zimmer section. Reference